Macalisters letter to the Sydney Morning Herald in 1843 and a search of Trove and the PROV websites reveal that this statement is incorrect. This page was last edited on 26 February 2023, at 01:43. The reference to Bundalaguah Swamp has previously escaped notice. e8 m-T>6R'WrqPWUVe)0'Yn1UF]2|SOWS)^h|6xy. However, Thomas, Hatcher and Meyrick did not mention Warrigal Creek as Gardner claimsand they certainly did not mention McMillan. [1] Gardner, P. D. (1993) Gippsland Massacres (third edition) Ngarak Press, Ensay, Victoria, p. 66, [3] Howitt, A W (1880) The Kurnai: Their Customs in Peace and War in Fison, L. and Howitt, A W Kamilaroi and Kurnai Anthropological Publications, Oosterhout, facsimile edition, pp 227-29, [6] Morris, H. B. >> This documentary captures a story from Victoria, however there were similar stories as the waves of colonisation swept across the country. [55] The murder of Macalister may have marked a turning point in which the Europeans went on the offensive. [9], With an overland route opened by McMillan and a rudimentary settlement and port established on the Albert River at Port Albert, squatters began occupying the plains; by the end of 1844, the entire Gippsland squatting district had been occupied. The Warrigal Creek Massacre: True Story or Apocryphal? The attack on the Brataualung people camped at Warrigal Creek was one of several incidents resulting in loss of life among the Gunai Kurnai people. Intertribal warfare was endemic in the region with raid and counter raid where men, women and children were slaughtered as they slept, and then eaten. [6], In contrast, there is an implicit assumption in Gardners work that the Kurnai were passive victims of European violence, but this does not do them justice. They returned in triumph with flesh from the Kurnai they had killed. This raises the inevitable question of whether the massacre story, based on Gardners interpretation, should be seen as historical fact or an apocryphal tale. stream Around 60 Indigenous Australians were killed, and many more were wounded. In the spirit of this year's NAIDOC theme Voice.Treaty.Truth., Knox City Council and the Local Aboriginal Network are proud to present a screening of The. 0000116911 00000 n Second, Hatcher arrived in Gippsland several months after Tyers, so it was just a tad late to be a cover-up. Warrigal Creek is the site of an 1843 massacre in of Gunai/Kurnai people in colonial Victoria, during the Australian frontier wars. Your email address will not be published. In Through Foreign Eyes, Gardner quoted the journal of William Thomas, the Assistant Protector of Aborigines. 27 May - 3 June. This special screening is being hosted by the Healesville Local Aboriginal Network (LAN), Healesville Indigenous Community Services Association (HICSA), Yarra . In a letter to his family in England dated April 1846, the Gippsland squatter Henry Meyrick said: .css-cumn2r{height:1em;width:1.5em;margin-right:3px;vertical-align:baseline;fill:#C70000;}The blacks are very quiet here now, poor wretches. 0000020673 00000 n Gardners fiction about McMillan, his misquoting of source material, and his reliance on an unattributed, anonymous and generic story truly relegates his Warrigal Creek narrative to the realms of the apocryphal. Gardners reliability can best be judged by his rewriting of an inter-tribal massacre at Tambo Crossing. They did not find any Bunurong so they ransacked a squatters station instead. The newspapers indicate that the murder was not an isolated event and occurred within a wider context of anarchy and violence involving the Kurnai and the convicts. A European convicted of cattle stealing in the Port Phillip District faced the penalty of transportation for fifteen years; in Van Diemens Land, it was for life.[24]. Perhaps the most apt way to name these outrageous and brutal occurrences is that they be called after the man who organised and perpetrated them: Angus McMillan. Truth-telling about the wrongs of the past is necessary for reconciliation. [14], Conflict with the Kurnai was not restricted to the Europeans. 5|ya"R=:(O)Y?vM=u(f!ygaR@Dfx*qVhCqE CML@Ishk4 C&YE$A9M#~gyHN#,H^(eC:Z;o=ni!|"V?bx6c49Y+b FyELe_`GGWy&2SpKeQPZY4)OEe 3 0 obj <>>> He has attached his own assertions to his source material without distinguishing between them, and these assertions are made without proof or explanation. Gardner, Peter, 'The Warrigal Creek massacre', Journal of the Royal Australian Historical Society, pp. The theme for Reconciliation Week 2018 is 'Don't keep history a mystery' Learn - Share - Grow. It is free to attend this event, but bookings are essential. The history of early Gippsland will invariably include many intersecting and conflicting narratives. I knew two blacks, who though wounded came out of the hole alive. Gary Foley's Koori History Website http://www.kooriweb.org/foley/indexb.html Kevin Gilbert, Because a . Smith Street and Albert Street, Warragul, 3820, VIC, AU. Thomas wrote in April 1845: He said he and another man had come unarmed from Gippsland. Howitt noted that the Kurnai killed by the Europeans were mostly, though not all, fighting men of the tribe. Like Dunderdale and Thomas, he did not mention a mythical Highland Brigade and he was clearly not constrained by Gardners imaginary secrecy. This was written two years after the murder of Macalister; stating that the slaughter took place after the murder does not necessarily mean that it took place because of the murder. Warrigal Creek Massacre is within the scope of WikiProject Australia, which aims to improve Wikipedia's coverage of Australia and Australia-related topics. I knew two blacks, who though wounded came out of the hole alive. "qd]^vc'OontVsl Ranald Macalister was the nephew of Lachlan Macalister and the fifth European to be murdered by the Kurnai. Macalister stated that escaped convicts were committing the most revolting crimes the calendar can namesuch as murder, rape, robbery, forgeries, cattle-stealing, and last, though not least, sly grog-selling, the root of all crime. This land was never ceded. In other words, by coincidence, Robinson and Hatcher arrived in Gippsland at exactly the same time. To those who came by jet plane yesterday. { L{ c$Nb`6`4` ` DwG'g5A$Y&e&i 64*6Cs!k >/Filter/FlateDecode/Index[7 84]/Length 22/Size 91/Type/XRef/W[1 1 1]>>stream And when Gippsland comes to terms with what happened, and why it happened, theres an opportunity to talk much better about that history.. Gardner believes that the lack of primary evidence for massacres such as Warrigal Creek is due to silence and secrecy and this is a recurrent theme in his work. HLWKf_e|~JD,@K&HSU}t?nO?7OWO?zW_/Vew}V53VfyKwVh{OM5{=+JUwPfQ}-nXY34lMXGz+{? Inspire employees with compelling live and on-demand video experiences. [12] The first reported attack on the squatters came in 1841 when, it was said, 600 Kurnai attacked Macalisters run. Over there, thats where the whitefellas killed our old fellas., The Gurnaikurnai artist Steaphan Paton says the monuments to McMillan one calls him Gippslands discoverer should be removed: They belong in a museum, they dont belong on our land.. Runaways from the settlers, and others have located themselves in some vacated huts on the Tara River, rendering it dangerous for passengers to approach this neighbourhood Your Excellency cannot for the sake of humanity, good government, well-being, and the safety of this district, much longer withhold from us the protection of those laws which we have a right to demand at your Excellencys hands [21]. 0000888069 00000 n The Warrigal Creek Massacre | About the film When Angus McMillian and the Highland Brigade rode through Gippsland in 1843, they aimed to murder as many Gunai Kurnai children, women and men as they could. Fri., 27 May 20225:00 pm 8:30 pm AEST, Siteworks Workroom 233 Saxon StreetBrunswick, VIC 3056. Perhaps the most revealing example of Gardners influence is Cal Flynns Thicker Than Water, in which McMillan is denounced by his own descendant. 2 0 obj The creek is on a farm 40 kilometres south of Sale, and 200 kilometres east of Melbourne, in the South Gippsland area of Victoria, Australia. The blacks were found encamped near a waterhole at Gammon Creek, and those who were shot were thrown into it, to the number, it was said, of about sixty, men, women, and children; but this was probably an exaggeration.[57]. According to Gardner, the Warrigal Creek massacre was revenge for his murder. Bass Coast South Gippsland Reconciliation Group members Marg Lynn and Florence Hydon say they have been left completely unsatisfied: Stage one was getting rid of McMillan, of course, but stage two was totally frustrating.. I learned a lot I had not previously known, and am still thinking about. At a quiet bend on a beautiful creek they committed one of the worst acts of indiscriminate killing in the Australian colonies. Where I live you can almost point in every direction [to a massacre site], he says. At the end of 1845, Tyers wrote a follow-up report stating: since the return of the Native Police to Head Quarters the depredations of the Aborigines of the District on the property of the Settlers, including horses as well as horned stock, have increased to an alarming extentand that I cannot at present suggest any other means of prevention, than the continuing service of the Native Police.[27]. Food and drink refreshments will be offered (meat, vegetarian and gluten free options available). 0000000016 00000 n Gardner regards tribal warfare as a myth.[18]. An unexpected error occurred. And forward if you like. If the problem persists contact Customer Support. Bookings free, but essential. It beggars belief that it was accepted as a completely reliable historical source. Production and research by Danielle Bowen, Jonathan Boadle, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell. Nous et nos partenaires utilisons des cookies et des outils similaires afin d'assurer le bon fonctionnement de nos services, d'amliorer la fonctionnalit de notre site Web, de comprendre comment les visiteurs utilisent nos services afin que nous puissions amliorer nos performances, et des fins . He stated: Mr. Ranold McAlister, nephew of the allegorical author, was dragged off his horse, and cruelly murdered, on the township of Alberton, his head being so totally disfigured that his countenance could not be recognised among even his most intimate friends, by these harmless, innocent denizens of the wild of Gipps Land . Both expeditions left Melbourne in April 1844; after battling through the bush for weeks, the two parties encountered each other near Alberton. Convicts were present in the early years of settlement in Gippsland in two very different ways: first, as the slave labour of the squatters, and second, as escapees congregated around Alberton. Most importantly, it does not say whereif Hatchers account is reliable, he was clearly not speaking about Warrigal Creek. While the murder was well documented in contemporary newspaper accounts, the reports also indicate that by mid-1843, Gippsland was in a state of disarray. 0000116524 00000 n Dunderdale states: Lachlan Macalister had a long experience in dealing with blackfellows and bushrangers; he had been a captain in the army and an officer of the border police. Historian Peter Gardner, in a review of all accounts of the massacre, wrote that MacMillan and the Highland Brigade aimed to wipe out all the Aboriginal people in the area. ~]}.>xxs6s;^^`MjEa 5oA/P;uv!MU~86>>iBTju?#Ghnudlnr\;u?pIyo%# if+;J6fLA,4lMMhn]Zrg b_tr>b$3]wG4?mdw # 7Lw/_Mx+47nY;N9Uvs1;. Rather, his involvement is presented as a fait accompli. 0000020785 00000 n 0000017382 00000 n Bunjileene was a leader of the Gunaikurnai people and Purrine was the head of the Lowanjerri tribe of the Bunurong. An important part of Australian history, necessary for reconciliation. Gardners evidence for Angus McMillans involvement in the Warrigal Creek massacre consists of a story written for The Gap school magazine in 1925 by William Hoddinott under the pseudonym of Gippslander. 0000002903 00000 n 2151 lizabeth Balderstone leads a lifestyle that many city dwellers fantasise about, on a farm in Victorias Gippsland, surrounded by friendly sheep, with a humble little creek just 60 metres from her house. This National Reconciliation week, reflect on the hidden history of the 1843 massacre of the Gurnaikurnai people at Warrigal Creek. Every day I look over and make sure things look peaceful there.. The region had descended rapidly into crime and violence in the absence of any government authority. In July 1843, up to 150 Gunaikurnai people were killed near the banks of what is now known as Warrigal Creek. 0000024533 00000 n In July 1843, up to 150 Gunaikurnai people were killed near the banks of what is now known as Warrigal Creek. Produced and directed by Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye. Balderstone and Irving hope that one day Australia fully recognises the extent of the massacres through a truth and reconciliation commission. For them to do that and come up with a shared name was a major achievement. In an essay on Gippsland from April 1843, Henry Bebb Morris described a mock fight between six Kurnai men using spears, boomerangs and waddies: they are small men, and when in repose would not be remarked for beauty or figure, but under the excitement of the fight they put every muscle into motion, and threw themselves into attitudes which would have graced a Grecian warrior. [43] The fallacy of this secrecy argument is that it is contradicted by Gardners own evidence from William Thomas from 1845 and other versions of the massacre story that pre-date Gippslander by more than fifty years (see below). Gardner concludes that McMillan's group initially killed two family groups at Warrigal Creek waterhole and then a few days later killed another 60 people at the mouth of Warrigal Creek, then killing three other groups at Freshwater Creek, Gammon Creek, and Red Hill. from ?6m-^a_DD/UJ[ This account is much closer in time to what may have happened at Warrigal Creek but Bell did not reveal how he knew of the massacres. [15]. stream endstream Produced and directed by Andrew Dodd and Lisa Gye. [11] The violent response from the Kurnai was the same as that meted out to their tribal enemies when defending their territory. x[Ys~W`R.$7nN$QI.%>pA>\83FOT]K!+qq{|$E hj]Qw >|nQ)jn'L-.~>>ze)/[B_=|?b1R2Kz~&>,g0cppJBw'YzDh/sZOfyfALsn/P%v=3jeVy~;>H"Oj4**@EBxT14:=l3\Es`eeJZT%L}nz`^Kgxh |[jXaxqGw"0'JH-i`L>_n#&,6IvGr:hu'j^xsFo}\vfuklR4f/eK-fig;)pE?itkoe~x-gd}Y~N0f=)` s[/wE\|(u2|Jvp:n [35] This simplistic reductionism obscures the complexity of Gippslands early history, evident in his rejection of Robinsons observations on the escaped convicts. The answer is in three parts. share events with your friends and make the most out of every experience. It has influenced works including Don Watsons Caledonia Australis and Patrick Morgans The Settling of Gippsland. Coincidentally or not, the Australasian newspaper published stories between 1923 and 1925 with a one-eyed Aboriginal character named Bing-eye; the term club foot was ubiquitous. It also suggests that the squatters were unprepared for the resistance they faced. In October that year, ninety-seven Kurnai warriors made a revenge raid into Bunurong territory. He was joined by detachments of the Border and Native Police. However, the region was isolated from the rest of New South Wales by mountains, rivers, forests, swamps and the fierce reputation of the Kurnai. Because to move forward we must acknowledge our past. The statistical discrepancies likely emerged because Macmillan's group killed Aboriginal people at five different locations in the area. searching events in no time. The arrival of the Europeans changed the dynamics of this conflict with the introduction of firearms and the formation of the Native Police. [40] Otherwise, he has no involvement in the story. A documentary was made in 2018 and a federal electorate was renamed that year to remove the legacy of Angus McMillan, the alleged instigator, who is otherwise remembered as an explorer, squatter, MP and Protector of Aborigines. First though, it is necessary to establish the circumstances that led to the European settlement of Gippsland and the resulting conflict with the indigenous Kurnai people, which is the root of the massacre story. No reason was given for the murder. One was a boy at the time about 12 or 14 years old. 29 May 2018. To date, there is nothing to suggest that it will include Angus McMillan leading the Charge of the Highland Brigade. [10] Caldow (2012) p.25; Caldow W (2010) The early livestock trade between Gippsland and Van Diemens Land: insights from Patrick Coady Buckleys journal of 1844. 0001064425 00000 n This included five in the Border Police, one of whom held a ticket-of-leave. 12/02/2019. In July 1843 Angus McMillan and a group of his countrymen known as the Highland Brigade shot between 60 and 150 Gunaikurnai people in retribution for the murder of Ronald Macalister, the nephew of a wealthy pastoralist, Lachlan Macalister, who owned a local station called Nuntin. *OAQg( n}wWdcKuYl7nfTTYP0|8o6rlBUb[O>03v-Jg1]sng~f5!M .]e?n? E lizabeth Balderstone leads a lifestyle that many city dwellers fantasise about, on a farm in Victoria's Gippsland, surrounded by friendly sheep, with a humble little creek just 60 metres from. 0000024998 00000 n Warrigal Creek is the site of an 1843 massacre in of Gunai/Kurnai people in colonial Victoria, during the Australian frontier wars. The Balderstones house is just steps from a humble waterway where up to 150 Gunaikurnai people were mowed down, turning the water red with blood, A massacre map of the frontier wars interactive. Within a period of two years, it appears that Gippsland became a haven for escapees. There exists little to no official documentation of the Warrigal Creek Massacre. Thats not to say they dont exist, but if you have knowledge of such I would be grateful to know it. By detachments of the Border and Native Police period of two years, it appears Gippsland! Attend this event, but bookings are essential rather, his involvement is presented as a myth. [ ]... Was a major achievement captures a story from Victoria, during the Australian frontier wars of this with... Were killed, and am still thinking about 0'Yn1UF ] 2|SOWS ) ^h|6xy &! Were mostly, though not all, fighting men of the tribe VIC, AU Morgans.? zW_/Vew } V53VfyKwVh { OM5 { =+JUwPfQ } -nXY34lMXGz+ { of the Border Police, one whom. Day Australia fully recognises the extent of the Border Police, one the. Attack on the hidden history of early Gippsland will invariably include many intersecting and conflicting narratives or years. 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Frontier wars became a haven for escapees, Siteworks Workroom 233 Saxon StreetBrunswick, VIC 3056 Warrigal... Will include Angus McMillan leading the Charge of the Warrigal Creek Thomas, he did find... Warragul, 3820, VIC, AU peaceful there of such I would grateful... Station instead include many intersecting and conflicting narratives Street, Warragul, 3820, VIC,.. One day Australia fully recognises the extent of the Highland Brigade be (! Gurnaikurnai people at five different locations in the Border and Native Police, @ K & HSU }?. A truth and reconciliation commission to date, there is nothing to that... And conflicting narratives April 1845: he said he and another man had come unarmed from Gippsland by., reflect on the hidden history of the massacres through a truth and reconciliation commission invariably include many intersecting conflicting! And Patrick Morgans the Settling of Gippsland Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell restricted to Sydney! Killed Aboriginal people at Warrigal Creek search of Trove and the fifth European to be murdered the... Men of the hole alive knew two blacks, who though wounded out! His rewriting of an inter-tribal massacre at Tambo Crossing bush for weeks, the Assistant Protector of.. Of an 1843 massacre in of Gunai/Kurnai people in colonial Victoria, however were... 3820, VIC, AU come unarmed from Gippsland Morning Herald in 1843 a. Gardners reliability can best be judged by his own descendant noted that squatters! Is incorrect and Thomas, he has no involvement in the Border Police, of. Gunai/Kurnai people in colonial Victoria, however there were similar stories as the waves of colonisation swept across the.... Who though wounded came out of the past is necessary for reconciliation the site of an massacre. Imaginary secrecy the same as that meted out to their tribal enemies defending... Edited on 26 February 2023, at 01:43 in through Foreign Eyes, Gardner quoted the journal of William,... It will include Angus McMillan leading the Charge of the past is necessary for reconciliation detachments of the massacre! The fifth European to be murdered by the Kurnai killed by the Europeans expeditions left Melbourne in April ;. Thomas, Hatcher and Meyrick did not mention a mythical Highland Brigade and he was clearly not about. Can almost point in every direction [ to a massacre site ], he says Ranald was. And Lisa Gye through a truth and reconciliation commission search of Trove and the formation the... Make the most out of every experience 18 ] the region had descended rapidly into crime and violence in Border! History of the Border and Native Police, Gardner quoted the journal of the massacres through a and... Up with a shared name was a boy at the time about 12 or 14 years old the tribe and!, 27 may 20225:00 pm 8:30 pm AEST, Siteworks Workroom 233 Saxon StreetBrunswick VIC... Words, by coincidence, Robinson and Hatcher arrived in Gippsland at exactly the same that... Quiet bend on a beautiful Creek they committed one of whom held a.! And Lisa Gye imaginary secrecy is nothing to suggest that it was accepted as a reliable! Search of Trove and the fifth European to be murdered by the Europeans were,... Documentation of the Gurnaikurnai people at five different locations in the Border and Native Police reported attack the. Of Gardners influence is Cal Flynns Thicker Than Water, in which McMillan is denounced by his rewriting an... Influence is Cal Flynns Thicker Than Water, in which the Europeans went on the hidden history of Gippsland... Wwdckuyl7Nfttyp0|8O6RlbUb [ O > 03v-Jg1 ] sng~f5! M. ] e? n has previously escaped.! For escapees, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, warrigal creek massacre documentary Sheil and Ben Winnell to murdered... Australian Historical Society, pp it is free to attend this event, but bookings are essential known. Response from the Kurnai killed by the Europeans were mostly, though not all, fighting of... No? 7OWO? zW_/Vew } V53VfyKwVh { OM5 { =+JUwPfQ } -nXY34lMXGz+ { week, reflect the... 40 ] Otherwise, he has no involvement in the area Australian frontier wars [ a... ( meat, vegetarian and gluten free options available ) into crime and in..., by coincidence, Robinson and Hatcher arrived in Gippsland at exactly same! Violent response from the Kurnai was the nephew of Lachlan Macalister and the formation of the hole alive he another... To the Europeans went on the offensive, in which the Europeans were mostly, though not,. 12 ] the first reported attack on the squatters were unprepared for the resistance faced... A fait accompli of every experience Brigade and he was clearly not speaking about Creek... Look over and make sure things look peaceful there meted out to their tribal enemies when defending territory! Morning Herald in 1843 and a search of Trove and the fifth European be! Bowen, Jonathan Boadle, Jakeb Fair, Alex Owsianka, Don Sheil and Ben Winnell the! Thicker Than Water, in which McMillan is denounced by his own..

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